唐诗宋词中的超网络特性分析

目前，唐诗宋词在文学角度的研究成果较多，然而采用基于超图的超网络方法对唐诗宋词进行研究的成果较少，且仅有的这种研究局限于对字频和词频的研究。采用超网络数据分析方法对唐诗宋词进行分析研究有助于探索传统文学角度无法涉及的广度，也有助于发现唐诗宋词所折射出来的文学组词规律和时代背景。因此，首先基于全唐诗和全宋词这两个古文本语料库，分别建立了唐诗超网络和宋词超网络。在构建该超网络时，将一首诗或一首词作为超边，将唐诗中的字或宋词中的字作为超边内的节点。然后，对唐诗超网络和宋词超网络的拓扑指标和网络特性，如节点超度、节点超度分布、超边节点度、超边节点度分布，进行了实验分析，旨在发现唐代诗人和宋代词人的用字、用词和审美倾向。最后，基于李白诗词集、杜甫诗词集、苏轼诗词集、辛弃疾诗词集的诗词作品构建了作品集超网络，并计算了相关网络参数。分析结果表明，唐诗宋词超网络中的最大超度与最小超度相差较大，且其超度分布近似为幂律分布，该结果表明唐诗宋词超网络的无标度特性。另外，唐诗宋词超网络的超边节点度也存在明显的分布特性，具体来说，唐诗超网络的超边节点度较多分布在20~100，宋词超网络的超边节点度较多分布30~130。并且，通过分析发现作品集超网络具有较小的平均路径长度和较大的集聚系数，该结果反映作品集超网络具有小世界特性。

Analysis of hypernetwork characteristics in Tang poems and Song lyrics

At present, there are many research results in Tang poems and Song lyrics from the perspective of literature, but there are few research results in Tang poems and Song lyrics by using the hypergraph based hypernetwork method, and the only researches of this kind are also limited to the study of Chinese character frequency and word frequency. The analysis and study of Tang poems and Song lyrics by using the method of hypernetwork data analysis is helpful to explore the breadth that cannot be reached by the traditional perspective of literature, and to discover the law of word composition laws in literatures and historical backgrounds reflected by Tang poems and Song lyrics. Therefore, based on two ancient text corpuses:Quan Tang Shi and Quan Song Ci, the hypernetworks of Tang poems and Song lyrics were established respectively. In the construction of the hypernetworks, a Tang poem or a Song lyrics was taken as a hyperedge, and the characters in Tang poems or Song lyrics were taken as the nodes within the hyperedge. Then, the topological indexes and network characteristics of the hypernetworks of Tang poems and Song lyrics, such as node hyperdegree, node hyperdegree distribution, hyperedge node degree, and hyperedge node degree distribution, were experimentally analyzed, in order to find out the characters use, word use and aesthetic tendency of poets in Tang dynasty and lyricists in Song dynasty. Finally, based on the works of poems and lyrics of Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi and Xin Qiji, the work hypernetworks were constructed, and the relevant network parameters were calculated. The analysis results show that there is a great difference between the maximum and minimum hyperdegrees of the two hypernetwork, and the distribution of the hyperdegrees is approximate to the power-law distribution, which indicates the scale-free property of the two hypernetworks. In addition, the degrees of hyperedge nodes in Tang poem hypernetwork are also have obvious distribution characteristics. In specific, the degrees of hyperedge nodes in Tang poems and Song lyrics are more distributed between 20 and 100, and the degrees of hyperedge nodes in Song lyric hypernetwork are more distributed between 30 and 130. Moreover, it is found that the work hypernetworks have smaller average path length and a larger clustering coefficient, which reflects the small-world characteristics of the work hypernetworks.