变异系数来度量区块链网络去中心化程度

区块链网络的最主要优点是去中心化,但大多数关于这个问题的研究缺乏量化,而且都没有针对区块链在实践中的去中心化程度进行度量。提出了一种基于统计学中变异系数来量化区块链网络去中心化程度的方法。利用变异系数,计算了出块数量和地址余额的数据离散程度,从而来量化区块链网络(以比特币和以太坊为例)的去中心化程度。计算结果表明,基于19个矿池的样本统计,比特币比以太坊要高出大约27%的去中心化程度,并且基于100个地址余额的样本统计,比特币也比以太坊要高出大约16%的去中心化程度。论文提出的方法具有普适性,可以用来量化评估任何区块链网络的去中心化程度。

Coefficient of Variation to Measure the Degree of Decentralization of the Blockchain Network

The most primary advantage of blockchain networks is widely understood to be decentralization.However,despite the widely acknowledged importance of this property,most studies on this topic lack quantification,and none of them performs a measurement on the extent of decentralization of the blockchain in practice.In this paper,a coefficient of variation method in statis?tics is presented to quantify decentralization.Using the coefficient of variation,the dispersion extents of blocks mined and address balances are calculated to quantify the extents of decentralization for blockchain networks(for example:Bitcoin and Ethereum),and the results of calculations indicate that Bitcoin's mining is more approximately 27%decentralized than Ethereum with top 19 pool samples,and Bitcoin's wealth is more approximately 16%decentralized than Ethereum with 100 samples.This method can be used to measure the extent of decentralization for any blockchain network.