网络弹性与恢复机制的研究综述

当网元故障或遭受攻击而失效时，网络性能下降，网络的拓扑结构也被破坏甚至崩溃。网络弹性描述在网元失效时网络功能和结构的恢复能力。针对不同网络类型和失效模式，研究者提出了多种网元恢复机制用于增强网络弹性，并建模分析如何减少网络失效的可能性，这对于现实系统的管理和维护具有重要的指导意义。本文首先简要介绍了网络失效和网络弹性的相关概念；其次从自发性恢复和指向性恢复两个方面介绍了当前主要的网络恢复机制；接着介绍了网络恢复机制在现实基础设施网络中的应用；最后总结讨论了今后发展方向。

Network Resilience and Recovery Mechanism: A Review

Network performance suffers from failures of network elements, like nodes'' and edges'' failures, due to internal malfunctions and/or external attacks. Even worse, failures may propagate in the network, leading to destruction of network topology. Network resilience has been recently proposed to describe the network recovery capability for restoring the network functionalities and structures in cases of elements'' failures. This article first introduces some related concepts about network failure and network resilience. For different network types and failure modes, researchers have proposed and analyzed a variety of network recovery mechanisms to enhance network resilience, which can be divided into two groups:spontaneous recovery and directional recovery. In each group, we analyze the main recovery approaches and characteristics in the literature. We also introduce the applications of network recovery in real-world infrastructure networks; finally, some future research directions are discussed.