利用发送和接收时隙分配策略改善无线传感器网络MAC协议能效

摘　要 针对无线传感器网络中存在数据冲突和串音而影响MAC协议能量效率的问题，提出了基于接收和基于发送的TDMA-MAC协议时隙分配策略。通过考虑各种无线收发器模式(即发送、接收、休眠和空闲)花费的不同时间段来计算WSN能耗，假设聚类中WN数据包时间间隔为指数分布，采用两级TDMA方法实现对多步聚类的评估。利用OPNET Modeler软件执行仿真实验验证了本文模型的有效性，仿真结果表明，基于接收的SAS的能效是基于发送的SAS的5倍，相比基于分簇的TDMA/CDMA混合HCT-MAC协议，本文协议可节省4.3%的能量，减少了0.35ms的端到端延迟，相比倍增超周期多信道MAC协议，可节省10.8%的能量，减少了1ms的端到端延迟。

The research of improving the energy efficiency of MAC protocol in wireless sensor network using SAS based on transmit and receive

For the issue that data conflict and overhearing existing in wireless sensor network will impact energy efficiency of the MAC protocol, transmit-based and receive-based Slot Allocation Strategies of TDMA-MAC are proposed. The energy consumption of WSN is calculated by considering different times of cost of wireless transceiver pattern (sending, receiving, dormancy and leisure). Suppose WN packet interval in clustering is exponential distribution, two-stage TDMA method is used to implement the evaluation of multi-step clustering. The effectiveness of proposed model has been verified by simulation done by OPNET Modeler. Simulation results show that the energy efficiency of receive-based SAS is five times as well as transmit-based. Proposed protocol has saved 4.3% energy and reduced 0.35ms delay comparing with hybrid TDMA/CDMA protocol based on clustering. It has saved 10.8% energy and reduced 1ms delay comparing with hybrid TDMA/CDMA protocol based on clustering.