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基于数学形态学的道路遥感影像特征提取及网络分析
引用本文:安如,冯学智,王慧麟.基于数学形态学的道路遥感影像特征提取及网络分析[J].中国图象图形学报,2003,8(7):798-804.
作者姓名:安如  冯学智  王慧麟
作者单位:南京大学城市与资源学系,南京大学城市与资源学系,南京大学城市与资源学系 南京210093,河海大学水资源环境学院地理信息科学系,南京210098,南京210093,南京210093
摘    要:如何从遥感图象上提取道路特征已有多种方法,如边缘探测与追踪、线性滤波、利用各种空间关系进行道路特征识别,基于知识的道路网络提取以及数学形态学等,但尚有许多问题有待解决。为了方便GIS应用以及地图更新,提出了一种基于数学形态学的道路网络分析方法,用于对遥感图象上已分类的道路信息进行各种处理,以便得到所需的道路网络。该方法与步骤为首先将道路影像二值化,同时进行噪音去除、断线连接、细化,并通过将栅格数据转换成矢量形式来得到基本的道路网络;然后对基本道路网络进行分析、连接、选取;最后用Douglas-Peuker算法对道路进行平滑处理与表示来得到最终提取的道路网络,并以南京市江宁经济开发区SPOT、高分辨率IKONOS图象为例进行了实验。道路特征提取的结果与目视解译结果进行比较的结果表明,该道路提取方法对道路发展相对较快的区域更为有效,且提取精度较高。该方法对土地管理规划部门非常有价值,是进行GIS与地图道路更新的有效方法。

关 键 词:数学形态学  遥感影像  特征提取  道路网络分析  GIS  地理信息系统
文章编号:1006-8961(2003)07-0798-07
修稿时间:2002年9月18日

Road Feature Extraction form Remote Sensing Classified Imagery Based on Mathematical Morphology and Analysis of Road Networks
AN Ru,FEN Xue zhi and WANG Hui lin.Road Feature Extraction form Remote Sensing Classified Imagery Based on Mathematical Morphology and Analysis of Road Networks[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2003,8(7):798-804.
Authors:AN Ru  FEN Xue zhi and WANG Hui lin
Abstract:A series researches have been made on how to extract road features from satellite data. The main Methods include edge detection and line finding, line filtering and using spatial relationships to extract road features. Another approach to the extraction of road networks involves the use of GIS and rule and knowledge based algorithms. Several workers have examined mathematical morphology as a means of extracting linear features from satellite data. However, many problems are still remained to solve. In this paper, algorithms of mathematical morphology and analysis of road networks are applied to extract road networks digitally from classified imagery to update digital databases and map. The first step involves road image two valued, removes noise data, break line connection, thin and raster convert to vector. The second is analysis the vector networks, connection and selection and eliminate the road arcs. Finally, the Douglas Peuker algorism is used to smooth the road networks. The test area is Nanjing Jiangning County. The satellite data is SPOT multi spectral image. IKONOS high resolution image is tested too. The comparison is made between the results of the extracted road networks and visual interpretation from location accuracy and extraction accuracy. The results described here show that the technique appears to be most effective in areas of recent road development. It is very useful for land managing and planning and is an effective method to update GIS and map.
Keywords:Road feature extraction  Mathematical morphology  Road networks analysis  Remote sensing classified image
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