地理信息系统与数据库结合研究

鉴于地理信息系统需要对外提供灵活高效的地理信息访问途径,因此采用数据库管理地理信息是发展趋势,目前存在关系型,对象-关系型,面向对象型3类数据库产品,在讨论它们与地理信息系统结合可行性的基础上,重点介绍了纯关系模型,空间扩展模型,包装模型3种结合方案,还通过对这3种方案实现原理的分析及其优缺点的比较,指出了各方面的应用前景,并由此归纳出,在GIS与数据库结合中需要注意的问题及解决这些问题的关键技术。

Study on Combination of GIS and Database

Managing geospatial information is an important part of geographical information system(GIS). Database system can help GIS designers separate data management task from the huge systems. However, different database systems, such as relational database(RDB), object relational database(ORDB) and object oriented database(OODB), have their native advantages and pitfalls. This paper firstly discussed why database system but not file system is chosen to manage geospatial information, and now there are three major kinds of database systems can be used to manage geospatial data. Then, three typical models--pure relational model, spatial extension model and wrapped model, are introduced, analyzed and compared. The key implementation issues and technologies of wrapped model, which is the most competitive solution, are discussed in details. As a result, ORDB is thought as a more practical way due to current databased technologies, and OODB still remains in prototype step.