Color image segmentation—an innovative approach

In this paper we describe a color image segmentation system that performs color clustering in a color space and then color region segmentation in the image domain. For color segmentation, we developed a fuzzy clustering algorithm that iteratively generates color clusters using a uniquely defined fuzzy membership function and an objective function for clustering optimization. The fuzzy membership function represents belief value of a color belonging to a color cluster and the mutual interference of neighboring clusters. The region segmentation algorithm merges clusters in the image domain based on color similarity and spatial adjacency. We developed three different methods for merging regions in the image domain. Unlike many existing clustering algorithms, the image segmentation system does not require the knowledge about the number of the color clusters to be generated at each stage and the resolution of the color regions can be controlled by one single parameter, the radius of a cluster. The color image segmentation system has been implemented and tested on a variety of color images including satellite images, car and face images. The experiment results are presented and the performance of each algorithm in the segmentation system is analyzed. The system has shown to be both effective and efficient.