人误模式与原因因素分析

将人误模式分为显现型和潜在型两类.显现型人误模式主要体现在时间、行为、目标、顺序四维时空特性上,而潜在的人误模式是基于认知过程与组织的,需要从微观与宏观两方面对其进行分类.影响人为失误的原因归结为个人、技术、组织、环境四类因素.将人误作为一个事件来进行分析,构建了概念上的人误原因层次诊断模型,它包括原因主因素、子因素和子子因素层等.以人误模式为切入点,对这些因素的诊断采用了人误原因的回溯性分析方法,具体过程为:一般行为条件描述-确定可能的人误模式-确定可能的人误原因因素-匹配判断.

Analysis of Human Error Modes and Causal Factors

Human error modes are classified into active and latent ones.Active error mode is characterized by four-dimensional time-space of time,action,object and sequence.Latent error mode is classified from the points of microscale and macroscale on basis of cognitive process and organization.Factors that give rise to human errors are summarized into four kinds of human,technology,organization and environment.Human error is analyzed as an event and conceptual Human Error Hierarchy Diagnosis model is built,which includes hierarchies of main causal,sub-main causal and minor sub-main causal factors and so on.Retrospect analytical method,which consists of concrete diagnosis processes-describing common performance conditions,defining the possible error modes,defining the probable causal factors and making an match estimation,is adopted to diagnose causal factors from human error modes.