形状记忆材料研究综述

综述了镍钛、铜基、铁基形状记忆合金,热致型、光致型、电致型、磁致型、化学感应型形状记忆高分子,以及形状记忆陶瓷的形状记忆机理、特性及其应用现状,并提出形状记忆材料的研究方向为：加强形状记忆合金的抗疲劳性能研究,建立一套统一的研究方法和合理的评价体系;加强形状记忆高分子材料的结构设计研究;改善陶瓷的形状记忆性能,以拓展形状记忆陶瓷的应用领域。

Review of Shape Memory Materials

The shape memory mechanism, features and the application status of shape memory materials, which can be classified into shape memory alloys, shape memory polymers and shape memory ceramics are reviewed. Shape memory alloys include Ni-Ti, Cu-based and Fe-based shape memory alloy. Thermally induced, light-induced, electro-induced, magnetic-induced and Chemosensory shape memory polymer belong to the main types of shape memory polymer materials. In addition, the direction of research on shape memory materials is also put forward. It is required to strengthen fatigue properties research on shape memory alloys and structure design research on shape memory polymers, to establish a unified research method and reasonable evaluation system, and to improve the properties of shape memory ceramics to expand its application field.