水凝胶基方型摩擦纳米发电机在公路运输监测中的 应用

为实时监测运输过程中产品振动状态，以自制的高强韧聚丙烯酰胺/海藻酸钠双网络（PAM/SA-DN ）水凝胶作为电极，弹簧作为触发器，制备水凝胶基方型摩擦纳米发电机（S-TENG），并测试S-TENG在不同振动状态下的输出信号。实验结果表明，PAM/SA-DN水凝胶的拉伸强度达371.4 kPa，断裂伸长率为547%；当振动频率分别为0.5, 1.0, 2.0 Hz时，S-TENG输出4次峰值电压信号所需时间分别为8.0, 4.1, 2.1 s；当振幅从10 mm增加到30 mm，输出电压峰值从9.0 V增加到17.5 V。此外，搭建了相关试验平台以模拟汽车通过减速带时的场景。根据输出电压信号，可以实时准确地获取小汽车通过减速带的高度及数量信息。水凝胶基方型摩擦纳米发电机传感器在公路运输监测领域有着很好的应用潜力。

Application of Hydrogel-Based Square Triboelectric Nanogenerator in Road Transportation Monitoring

In order to real-time monitor the vibration state of the products during transportation, a hydrogel-based square triboelectric nanogenerator (S-TENG) was prepared using self-made high-strength and strong polyacrylamide/sodium alginate dual-network (PAM/SA-DN) hydrogel as electrode and a spring as trigger, and the output signal of S-TENG under different vibration states was tested. The experimental results show that the tensile strength of PAM/SA-DN hydrogel was up to 371.4 kPa, with the elongation at break of 547%. When the vibration frequency was 0.5 Hz, 1.0 Hz and 2.0 Hz, the required time for the S-TENG to output the peak voltage was 8.0 s, 4.1 s and 2.1 s, respectively. When the vibration amplitude was increased from 10 mm to 30 mm, the peak output voltage was increased from 9.0 V to 17.5 V. In addition, a platform was built to simulate the scenario of a car passing through speed bumps. The height and number data of the speed bumps were accurately obtained according to the output voltage signal. Therefore, the S-TENG has promising application potential in road transportation monitoring.