聚苯胺/石墨导电复合材料的制备与表征

根据石墨的层状结构，以可膨胀石墨（KP）或膨胀石墨（EP）为模板，应用原位聚合法成功制备了聚苯胺（PANi)石墨导电复合材料。通过FT－IR、XRD、SEM和电导率测量等手段表征了其结构和性能。结果表明，PANi/EP的电导率与单一组分相比，都有大幅度提高，而PANi／KP的电导率介于两组分之间，PANi/EP的电导率高于PANi/KP复合材料4－5倍。XRD证明，膨胀石墨与聚苯胺复合大大提高了聚苯胺的结晶度，改善了聚苯胺的结构缺陷。FT－IR表明聚苯胺的特征吸收峰发生了位移，表明KP或EP的表面官能团与聚苯胺之间发生了氢键或共轭作用。

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYANILINE/GRAPHITE COMPOSITES

Polyaniline (PANi)/graphite conducting composites were prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline based on expandable graphite (KP) or expanded graphite (EP) according to their layered structure. Structures and properties of PANi/KP and PANi/EP composites were characterized through FT IR, XRD, SEM and measurement of the electrical conductivity. Results show that the electrical conductivity of PANi/EP composites powders greatly increases compared with neat polyaniline or expanded graphite and it of PANi/KP composites varies from neat polyaniline to expandable graphite, then the conductivity of PANi/EP is 4~5 times higher than PANi/KP. XRD proves that the crystallinity of polyaniline in PANi/EP composites greatly increases and crystal structure disfigurements of polyaniline are greatly improved because of coordinated interaction between polyaniline and EP and crystallinity of polyaniline in PANi/KP composites a little decreases. FT IR shows that there are many oxygen containing groups in KP surface and strong hydrogen bond between polyaniline and KP, but a little in between polyaniline and EP.