ABS相态组成对PC/ABS合金力学性能和阻燃性能的影响

以十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)/三氧化二锑(Sb2O3)协同体系为阻燃剂,聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)为抗滴落剂,通过熔融共混法制备聚碳酸酯(PC)/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)阻燃合金。采用苯乙烯与丙烯腈无规共聚物(SAN)和ABS高胶粉(ABS-HRP)调节PC/ABS阻燃合金中ABS的相组成,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察ABS相中SAN与PB两相比例对阻燃合金相形态和相界面的影响,并通过冲击性能、拉伸性能和阻燃性能测试研究ABS相组成对阻燃合金力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,在PC和ABS质量比为70:30、溴锑阻燃剂为5 phr的前提下,当用5 phr SAN取代ABS,合金可以达阻燃UL 94 V-0,缺口冲击强度由7.6 kJ/m^2提高到10.3 kJ/m^2,拉伸强度从52.3 MPa提高到54.5 MPa,少量SAN(<5 phr)可以起到刚性粒子增强增韧的双重效果;当用15 phr ABS-HRP取代ABS,合金可以达阻燃UL 94 V-0,并且保持较好韧性(缺口冲击强度29.2 kJ/m^2)和刚性(拉伸强度44.7 MPa)的平衡。

Effect of ABS Phase Composition on Mechanical Properties and Flame Retardancy of PC/ABS Alloy

Flame retardant polycarbonate(PC)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)alloys were prepared by melt blending with decabromodiphenyl ethane(DBDPE)/antimony trioxide(Sb2 O3)synergistic system as flame retardant and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)as anti-dripping agent.The composition of ABS phase in PC/ABS flame retardant alloy was adjusted by styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer(SAN)and high-rubber ABS(ABS-HRP).The effect of the ratios of SAN to polybutadiene(PB)in ABS phase on the morphology and phase interface of flame retardant alloy was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and the effects of ABS phase compositions on the mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of flame retardant alloys were studied by impact test,tensile test and flame retardant test.The results show that when the mass ratio of PC and ABS is 70:30,and the mass ratio of bromine antimony flame retardant is 5 phr,when ABS is replaced by 5 phr SAN,the flame retardant UL 94 V-0 can be achieved,the notched impact strength is increased from 7.6 kJ/m^2 to 10.3 kJ/m^2,and the tensile strength is increased from 52.3 MPa to54.5 MPa,a small amount of SAN(<5 phr)can play a dual role of strengthening and toughening rigid particles;when 15 phr ABS-HRP is used instead of ABS,the alloy can achieve flame retardant UL 94 V-0,and maintain a good balance between toughness(notch impact strength of 29.2 kJ/m^2)and rigidity(tensile strength of 44.7 MPa).