石墨烯/陶瓷复合材料制备工艺研究进展

制备工艺是调控石墨烯/陶瓷复合材料结构、优化其力学和热电等性能的关键.重点综述了石墨烯/陶瓷复合材料的粉末压坯烧结工艺和3D打印工艺及其研究进展.粉末压坯烧结工艺包括无压烧结、热压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结和高频感应加热烧结等,具有工艺简单、材料性能好、制备参数易控制等优点,是石墨烯/陶瓷复合材料的主要制备工艺,用于制备致密的块体复合材料;主要3D打印工艺有直写成形、激光选区烧结、喷墨打印和立体光固化等,具有结构和形状可控的特点,是目前石墨烯/陶瓷复合材料的研究热点,用于成形复杂形状和特定性能的复合材料器件.另外,还简要介绍了原位生成法、碳热还原法等利用特定物理化学反应制备石墨烯/陶瓷复合材料的制备工艺,并综述了石墨烯在复合材料中的分散工艺.

Research Progress of Preparation Process of Graphene/Ceramic Composites

The preparation process is the key to adjust the structure of graphene/ceramic composites and optimizing their mechanical and thermoelectric properties. The work reviewed the powder compact sintering process and 3D printing technology of graphene/ceramic composites and their research progress. The powder compact sintering process included pressureless sintering, hot pressing sintering, spark plasma sintering, microwave sintering and high-frequency induction heating sintering, etc. It had the advantages of simple process, good material properties, and easy control of preparation parameters. This was the main preparation process of graphene/ceramic composites, which was used to prepare dense bulk composites. The main 3D printing processes included direct writing molding, laser selective sintering, inkjet printing and stereo light curing, etc., which had the characteristics of controllable structure and shape. It was the current research hotspot of graphene/ceramic composite materials, which was used to form composite devices with complex shapes and specific properties. In addition, the preparation process of graphene/ceramic composites using specific physical and chemical reactions such as in-situ generation method and carbothermic reduction method were briefly introduced, and the dispersion process of graphene in composite materials was reviewed.