金属多材料增材制造研究现状与展望

当代社会对产品的功能及性能的要求越来越高,苛刻的使役条件要求零件具有功能耦合、多环境适应的能力.金属多材料增材制造技术相比传统制造技术具备更大的优势,在航空航天、汽车工业、电力行业、生物医学等领域中均具有广阔的应用前景.研究了电子束增材制造、电弧增材制造和冷喷涂增材制造在金属多材料增材制造中的应用现状以及最新发展.重点研究了金属多材料增材制造技术在宏观成形精度、微观组织缺陷和粒子界面结合中存在的关键问题.最后,指出了金属多材料增材制造技术在材料种类、基础理论、零件复杂度、质量控制等方面的发展趋势.将为金属多材料应用于增材制造技术提供新的思路和借鉴价值.

Research Status and Prospect of Metal Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing

Contemporary society has higher and higher requirements for the function and performance of products and demanding service conditions require parts to have the ability of functional coupling and multi-environment adaptation. Metal multi-material additive manufacturing technology has greater advantages than traditional manufacturing technology, and has broad application prospects in aerospace, automobile industry, electric power industry, biomedicine and other fields. The application status and recent development of electron beam additive manufacturing, arc additive manufacturing and cold spraying additive manufacturing in metal multi-material additive manufacturing were studied. The key problems of metal multi-material additive manufacturing technology in macroscopic forming accuracy, microstructure defects and particle interface bonding were investigated. Finally, the development trend of metal multi-material additive manufacturing technology in material types, basic theory, part complexity, quality control and other aspects was pointed out. The work will provide new ideas and reference value for the application of metal multi-material in additive manufacturing technology.