应用于冷链运输相变蓄冷技术研究进展

目的 研究化妆品销售包装盒的环境影响，优选包装材料、优化包装设计及其生产系统，达到绿色生产的目的。方法 基于生命周期评价(LCA)方法论，采用eFootprint软件及数据库量化分析由白纸板和聚丙烯2种不同材料设计生产的化妆品销售包装盒。以规定尺寸(长57 mm、宽52 mm、高60 mm)和结构的单个化妆品销售包装盒盒坯为功能单位，设定系统边界包括该包装盒生产加工过程的主要工序和各物料运输环节。分析清单后进行生命周期影响评价。结果 评价对象产生的9类环境影响中，全球变暖潜值(GWP)、初级能源消耗(PED)和水资源消耗(WU)贡献值较大，白纸板化妆品销售包装盒结果分别为17.8 g，185 kJ，57.8 g，聚丙烯化妆品销售包装盒结果分别为45.3 g，1.16 MJ，147 g。聚丙烯化妆品销售包装盒在生产过程中消耗的能量和对环境产生的影响均大于白纸板化妆品销售包装盒，故两者中首选材料是白纸板。结论 材料种类和生产过程能源消耗是影响环境的主要原因，可通过LCA优选包装材料、控制包装印刷设计和改善生产系统等方式，提高包装的环境效益。

Research Progress of Phase Change Cold Storage Technology Applied to Cold Chain Transportation

The work aims to study the environmental impact of sales packaging cartons for cosmetics and optimize the packaging materials and improve the packaging design and production system to achieve green production. Based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, the eFootprint software and database were used to quantitatively analyze the sales packaging cartons for cosmetics developed and manufactured with white cardboards and polypropylene. The functional unit was a single cosmetics sales carton blank of prescribed size (length 57 mm, width 52 mm, height 60 mm) and structure. The setting of system boundary included the main processes of the carton production and the transportation links of various materials. The life cycle impact assessment was carried out after inventory analysis. Among the nine types of environmental impacts generated by the evaluation objects, GWP, PED and WU contributed a large value. The results of the white cardboards sales packaging cartons for cosmetics were 17.8 g, 185 kJ and 57.8 g, and those of the polypropylene sales packaging cartons for cosmetics were 45.3 kg, 1.16 MJ and 147 g. The energy consumption and environmental impact of the polypropylene sales packaging cartons for cosmetics in the production process were greater than that made of white cardboards, so the preferred material of the two was white cardboards. The types of materials and energy consumption in the production process are the main causes of the environmental impact. The environmental benefits of packaging can be improved by optimizing packaging materials, controlling packaging printing design and improving production system with LCA.