葡萄贮运过程中跌落与振动损伤的试验分析

目的 以巨峰葡萄为试验对象，研究在贮运过程中跌落冲击机械损伤，以及振动疲劳累积对其生理品质产生的影响。方法 在现有贮运包装条件下对葡萄进行不同高度的跌落试验，得到跌落高度对葡萄力学特性的影响。在相同高度下，对葡萄进行不同包装的试验验证，得到新型减振包装对葡萄力学特性的影响，并使用模拟运输振动试验台和六度空间振动试验台进行试验，模拟实际运输路况下不同包装对葡萄生理品质的影响。结果 研究发现，新型减振包装在2种振动疲劳累积试验下，质量损失率比普通包装减少了27.07%和21.42%，表面损伤系数减少了20.11%与17.61%。结论 可为葡萄设计合理的包装方式和运输方式提供理论依据。

Experimental Analysis of Dropping and Vibration Damage in Grapes Storage and Transportation

The work aims to take Jufeng grape as the test object to study the effects on the physiological quality caused by drop impact, mechanical damage and vibration fatigue accumulation during storage and transportation. Grapes were tested when dropped from different heights under the existing packaging conditions to obtain the effects of dropping height on grape mechanical properties. At the same height, the tests were performed again with the new damping package to obtain effects of new cushioning packages on grape mechanical properties. Afterwards the simulated transport vibration test bench and the six-degree space vibration test bench were used to simulate the effects of different packages on grape physiological quality under actual transportation conditions. From the study, the weight loss rate of the new vibration-damping package under two vibration and fatigue accumulation tests was reduced by 27.07% and 21.42% compared to the ordinary packaging, and the surface damage coefficient decreased by 20.11% and 17.61%. The studies can provide a theoretical basis for designing reasonable packaging and transportation methods.