快速拆装钢丝捆扎箱结构优化设计

目的设计一种可快速拆装的钢丝捆扎箱,在满足钢丝捆扎箱抗压性能的同时,箱体总体成本最低。方法根据储运条件,初选箱体结构和构件尺寸,以箱档厚度为变量,构建箱体所用材料体积的目标函数,以箱体横档和立档均满足强度条件为约束条件,构建新的目标函数,求解出原目标函数变量的解。结果通过拉格朗日乘子法优化计算,钢丝捆扎箱横档和立档厚度应分别大于35 mm和20.4mm;借助SolidWorks软件的建模和有限元分析,对比实木板和胶合板2种箱板,箱档厚度为单档36mm、单档21mm、中间双档21mm等2种箱板共6种箱型的应力、位移、质量和体积,发现胶合板箱综合情况最优,中间箱档采用双档21mm的结构;抗压试验和堆码试验验证了仿真实验的结果。结论数学优化方法和计算机有限元分析方法,为快速拆装钢丝捆扎箱结构优化设计研究提供了很好的方法和手段,研究结果为钢丝捆扎箱在国内开拓市场提供了有力的理论和实践依据。

Optimization of Structural Design of Quick Disassembling Wirebound Box

Objective In order to design a quick disassembling wirebound box to meet the requirements of compressive property and lowest overall cost. Methods According to the storage and transportation conditions, the box structure and member sizes were preliminarily designed. Objective function of box materials was built with the cleat thickness as a variable. And then a new objective function was built with the strength conditions of horizontal cleats and vertical cleats as constraint conditions. Finally, the variable of original objective function was solved. Results Through the Lagrange multiplier method, the thickness of horizontal cleats and vertical cleats must be greater than 35 mm and 20.4 mm, respectively. With the help of SolidWorks modeling and finite analysis, the stress, displacement, mass and volume of six kinds of solid wood boxes and plywood boxes with cleats thickness of single 36 mm, single 21 mm, and double 21 mm respectively were compared and the comprehensive situation of plywood box was found to be the optimal. So the plywood box with middle cleats of double 21 mm was selected. Compression test and stacking test verified the results of simulation test. Conclusion Mathematical optimization method and computer finite element method provided a good method and means for optimization of structural design of quick disassembling wirebound box. The research results also provided effective theoretical and practical basis for the development of wirebound box in the domestic market.