基于老年患者身体挪移行为障碍的病床设计研究

目的 通过对医院病床的设计研究，为老年患者因身体挪移行为障碍而遭遇的各种问题寻求更好的方法，解决老年患者，特别是肢体活动严重受限的老年患者，在就医治疗与日常护理时所面临的问题。方法 以老年患者的就医治疗与康复需求为设计导向，以病床人机工程学为设计准则，运用观察法、调查法和情景分析法等实验方法，对老年患者在就医环境中的主动与被动挪移行为需求及行为状态进行记录、评价与分析，并以行为的目的与路径为线索，分析相应过程中老年患者因身体挪移而产生的实际问题及原因。结论 通过对医院病床的再设计，避免了老年患者因不当的主动或者被动的挪移行为所造成的二次伤害，提高了老年患者就医与康复过程的安全性、舒适性，同时提高了医院的医疗效率。

Hospital Bed Design Based on the Problems in Physical Movement of Elderly Patients

The work aims to design and research hospital beds, to find a better way to solve the problems that elderly patients encounter because of their physical movement disorders, and solve the problems that elderly patients, especially those with severely limited limb movements, face in medical treatment and daily nursing. Taking the needs of treatment and rehabilitation of elderly patients as design orientation and hospital beds ergonomics as design criteria, this paper recorded, evaluated and analyzed the active and passive shifting behavior needs and behavior states of elderly patients in the medical environment by observation, investigation and scenario analysis. The purpose and path of behavior were used as clues to analyze the actual problems and causes of elderly patients due to body movement in the corresponding process. Through the redesign of hospital beds, secondary injury caused by inappropriate active or passive movement behavior of elderly patients is avoided, the safety and comfort of elderly patients in the process of seeking medical treatment and rehabilitation, and the medical treatment efficiency of hospital are improved.