从用户体验到体验设计

目的提出"体验作为设计对象"和"从用户体验到体验设计"范式转变的学术观点;探讨体验的本质和体验属性模型;围绕体验设计作为设计对象的学术观点,建立体验设计的定位体系,解析体验设计的范式转变。方法通过叙事探究的方法,结合文献对比分析建构理论模型。结论体验设计作为设计对象,包括Expectation(期许)、Event(事件)和Impact(影响)3个有机部分;期许是内因和外在诱因相互作用下体验的开始,事件既包括事件的进程,又包括外部的环境条件和参与者自我创造的活动,影响则是整个经历通过记忆沉淀、故事建构和意义形成等活动的收尾。从"影响范围(个人-社会)和时效(即时-长期)两个维度,体验设计可以分为用户体验的设计、生活方式、流行趋势和文化建构4种不同的定位。从用户体验到体验设计的范式转变中,体验从判断产品与服务的设计原则成为了设计对象,设计从关注生活的手段转而关注生命的意义,最后,设计师也完成了从创造者到使能者的角色转换。

From User Experience to Experience Design

This paper aims to propose the idea that experience as content of design rather than contexts of use to explore the nature and attributes of experiences; to look for different positions or opportunities for designing experiences, and, to explain the paradigm shift from user experience design to designing experiences. Comparative literature review and framework building were combined through narrative inquiry. Experience as content of design has three interconnected parts: expectation, event and impact. Expectation is the driving force of action. Event is the process of action that consists of conditions of action and a self-interpretive process of creation by the participants. And impact is the meaningful closure of an experience after activities such as memory precipitation, story construction and meaning forming. From perspective of scale(individual and social) and length(instant and long-term) of effect, positioning for experience design may include user experience design, designing life, trend and culture building. From user experience design and designing experiences, experience has shifted from principles of product and service de-sign to the subject of change; and, designers have become enablers that created opportunities for participants to determine their own course of events and to discover meanings of their lives.