结构参数对轴承振动噪声的影响

根据非线性力学和声学理论，建立轴承结构本身产生振动噪声的数学模型，分析轴承结构参数（径向游隙、沟道曲率半径、钢球个数）对轴承振动噪声的影响。研究表明：径向游隙对轴承振动噪声的影响最为显著，并呈现很好的线性关系。沟道曲率半径对振动噪声的影响复杂，它对轴承振动位移和速度最大幅值的影响各不相同，随着沟道曲率半径的增加，最大声压、最大声压级逐渐减小；从整体出发，在符合设计条件的前提下，减小钢球个数可以减小轴承的振动噪声。 x方向的振动噪声远大于y方向，由此，结构参数对x方向的振动噪声的影响更为显著。通过改变结构参数来减振降噪，比起传统方法简单、可行、有效，减少制造成本，为以后轴承减振降噪提供一种新的方向和一定的参考依据。

Effect of Structural Parameters on Vibration Noise of Rolling Bearings

A mathematical model for vibration and noise analysis of rolling bearings is established based on the theoryof nonlinear dynamics and acoustics. The effects of structural parameters on the vibration noise are analyzed. The researchresults show that radial clearance is the most significant factor which affects the vibration noise. The effects of the channelcurvature radius on the amplitudes of vibration displacement and velocity are different. The maximum sound pressure andthe maximum sound pressure level decrease gradually with the increasing of the channel curvature radius. The bearing noisecan be reduced by reducing the number of the steel balls in the bearing. The noise in the x-direction is much larger than thatin the y-direction. Comparing with the traditional method, the method by changing the structural parameters to reduce thenoise is simple, feasible, effective and economic. This research provides a new approach for noise reduction of bearings anda foundation for further study of the quantitative relationship between the vibration noise and the structural parameters ofbearings.