阻尼车轮减振参量的有限元仿真与优化设计

为有效抑制车轮振动噪声,弥补现场试验的不足,在对黏弹性阻尼材料阻尼机理研究的基础上,以S1002CN型面高速动车组车轮为分析对象,采用正交试验设计和ABAQUS有限元仿真计算相结合的方法,对阻尼车轮减振性能进行仿真优化设计,得出阻尼车轮3个主要参数对其踏面径向振动加速度影响的主次顺序和显著性,并能快速确定阻尼车轮结构参数的最优组合为:阻尼层厚度4 mm、约束层厚度1.5 mm、约束阻尼层敷设于车轮两侧。研究结果表明,黏弹性约束阻尼技术是抑制车轮高频振动的有效手段,对于黏弹性阻尼材料在低噪声车轮中的运用具有一定的理论和实际应用价值。

Finite Element Simulation and Optimization Design of the Parameters of Vibration Reduction for Damped Wheels

In order to effectively suppress wheel vibration noise and cover the deficiencies of field tests, on the basis of studying the damping mechanism of viscoelastic damping materials, this paper obtains the sequence and significance of damped S1002CN wheel’s three main structural parameters influencing radical vibration acceleration reduction rate of the tread (RVARRT), and then determines quickly the optimal combination of these parameters: damping layer thickness of 4 mm, constraint layer thickness of 1.5 mm, constrained damping layer should be laid on both sides of the wheel through simulation and optimization design of damped S1002CN wheel using orthogonal test method combined with ABAQUS finite element analysis. The research suggests that the viscoelastic constrained damping technology is effective measure to restrain wheel high-frequency vibration, which has great values both on theory and practice for the application of viscoelastic damping material in low noise wheels.