丝羽乌骨鸡微卫星多态性及其与产蛋性能的关系

选用12个微卫星标记，通过对丝羽乌骨鸡多态性扩增，计算出这些微卫星标记座位的等位基因频率、多态信息含量、群体杂合度。通过标记多态性与产蛋性状的最小二乘分析和多重比较，进行了分子标记与产蛋性状的相关分析。结果表明，12个微卫星标记中，9个表现出丰富的多态性。微卫星标记座位平均检测到4．5556个等位基因(3～7个)。9个微卫星标记平均多态信息含量为0．6072。标记平均杂合度为0．7423。通过最小二乘分析，检测到4个标记G31913、X82867、Z95315、G01672与3种性能指标(4个月连产蛋量、开产蛋重、500天产蛋量)存在显著相关。标记G31913中基因型AB的开产体重最小二乘均值最高，Z95315的基因型CC的开产蛋重、开产体重最小二乘均值最高，标记G31913的基因型AB和标记Z95315的基因型CC有望作为开产蛋重、开产体重早期选择辅助标记，标记X82867基因型为CD的产蛋量较低，而基因型为AB的产蛋量相应较高。

Correlation analysis between egg traits and microsatellite markers in silkies

Twelve microsatellite markers selected from the ARK chicken genome database were analyzed for polymorphism in silkies. Allele frequencies were estimated based on band presence or absence. Average heterozygosity (H) and polymorphism information content (PIC) were calculated by allele frequencies. Then, association analysis between characters and markers by least squares mean (LSM) and the correlation among the 6 characters of egg traits in silkies were studied. The results indicate that 9 pairs of microsatellite markers were polymorphic and could give consistence. The average number of alleles detected by a pair of primers was 4.5556. The average value of PIC was 0.6072, and the population H of the 9 pairs of microsatellite markers was 0.7423. We found that there were association among 4 markers (G31913?X82867?Z95315?G01672) and 3 characters (the uninterrupted egg production of 4 months, the egg weight at first laying and the egg productions of 500 days) through LSM analysis. LSM of the body weight at first laying for genotype AB was higher than the other genotypes of G31913 in silkies, LSM of the egg and the body weights at first laying for genotype CC of Z95315 were significantly higher than those of other genotypes (P<0.05). It implied that genotype AB of G31913 and genotype CC of Z95315 could be assisted candidate locus for earlier selection to improve the body weight and the egg weight at first laying in silkies. The egg production traits for genotype CD of X82867 were significantly lower than those for genotype AB.