光电探测中空间目标和恒星目标运动特性分析

地基大视场天文光电观测系统获取的序列图像中,空间目标和数目众多的恒星目标成像特性相似,两者的区别主要是其运动特性差异.以圆轨道空间目标为例,并忽略地球自转的影响,分析了低轨道空间目标在不同仰角处的运动特性；在建立地平坐标系和时角坐标系这两种天球坐标系的基础上,分析了恒星目标·在不同方位不同仰角处的运动特性；比较了空间目标和恒星目标在视场中运动特性的差异,结果表明恒星目标的运动体现为慢速运动,而空间目标表现为明显的运动特性,且在短时间内可以认为是匀速直线运动.

Motion Characteristics Analysis of Space Target and Stellar Target in Opto-electronic Observation

In the image sequences obtained by astronomical opto-electronic observation system with large field of view on terrestrial surface, the image characteristics of space targets and large amount of stellar targets are similar, and the main differences between them are their motion characteristics. Firstly, assuming that the influence of earth rotation can be ignored, the motion characteristics of low orbital space target at different elevation are analyzed. Secondly, the motion characteristics of stellar target at different azimuth and elevation are analyzed based on the foundation of horizontal coordinate system and dependent equatorial coordinate system. At last, the differences of motion characteristics between them are compared, and the results show that the angular velocity of space target is obviously faster than the angular velocity of stellar target and the motion of space target can be considered as uniform rectilinear translation in a short time.