磁性形状记忆合金研究进展

磁性形状记忆合金是上世纪90年代开始出现的一类新型金属功能材料。这类合金兼具热弹性马氏体相变和磁性转变，其形状记忆效应可以由磁场控制。此外这类合金还具有磁阻、磁热等丰富的物理效应，因而一直是近期研究热点。首先介绍了磁性形状记忆合金的3个基本特征，即马氏体相变与磁性转变、磁场驱动孪晶再取向和磁场诱发相变。然后分别对Ni基、Co基和Fe基磁性形状记忆合金的研究现状进行了评述。最后展望了磁性形状记忆合金的发展趋势。

Progress of Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys

Magnetic shape memory alloys are a new kind of metallic functional materials developed in 1990s. The magnetic shape memory alloys possess both thermoelastic martensitic transformation and magnetic transition. Therefore the shape memory effect can be controlled by the magnetic field. Besides, these alloys also exhibit magnetoresistance, magnetocaloric effects, etc. The magnetic shape memory alloys have been the intensively studied topic in recent years. In this paper, we firstly introduce three basic features of magnetic shape memory alloys, i.e. the martensitic transformation and magnetic transition, magnetic-field-induced twin variants reorientation, and magnetic-field-induced phase transformation. Secondly, the developments of Ni-based, Co-based and Fe-based magnetic shape memory alloys are reviewed. Finally, the future trends of magnetic shape memory alloys are prospected.