化学氧化法合成聚苯胺的导电性与产率研究

以过硫酸铵((NH4)2S2O4)为氧化剂,盐酸作为质子酸掺杂,采用化学氧化聚合法合成了导电聚苯胺,研究了氧化剂用量、掺杂质子酸浓度、反应温度和反应时间对聚苯胺导电性及产率的影响,用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外变换光谱(FTIR)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)分析研究了聚苯胺的结构和形貌特征。结果表明,制备导电性好、产率高的掺杂态聚苯胺最佳实验条件为:n((NH4)2S2O4)/n(An)为1︰1,盐酸浓度为1 mol/L,反应温度为5℃,反应时间6 h。在此条件下,制备得到的聚苯胺电导率大于27 S/cm,产率在95%以上,颗粒表现出一定的结晶性。

Conductivity and Yield of Polyaniline Synthesized by Chemical Oxidative Method

The polyaniline was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method with ammonium persulfate(APS) as oxidant and hydrochloric acid(HCl) for protonation of aniline.The influences of the mol ratio of oxidant to aniline,the concentration of hydrochloric acid,reaction temperature and reaction time on the conductivity and yield were studied.The structure and morphology of polyaniline were researched by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer(FT-IR),ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer(UV-Vis) analysis ways.The optimized experiment conditions is determined as follows.Mol ratio(ammonium persulfate to aniline) is 1:1,hydrochloric acid concentration is 1 mol/L,reaction temperature is 5 ℃,the reaction time is 6 h.Under these conditions,the yield reaches more than 95%,the conductivity is over 27 S/cm.The conducting polyaniliner exhibits certain crystallinity behavior.