由不同碳源合成及制备纳米碳管的进展

纳米碳管可通过石墨、煤炭及炭黑等高含碳固体物，甲烷、乙烯或苯之类的有机化合物，一氧化碳和碳化硅等含碳无机化合物的转化来制备，甚至还可由低分子芳烃化合物来逐级合成。根据各种不同碳源，按不同转化过程及制备方法进行了总结与归纳，期望能对纳米碳管的合成及制备有一总体理解；通过简要、系统地介绍各种转化过程及制备方法，并对其中一些有发展前途的方法特别是电弧法、激光烧蚀法及化学气相沉积法的最新改进和发展进行了考察，分析了这些方法的优缺点；最后概述了目前纳米碳管规模制备方法的进展情况。

Advances in synthesizing and preparing carbon nanotubes from different carbon sources

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be obtained using different conversion processes with different carbon sources, such as high carbon-containing materials (e.g. graphite, coal or carbon black), organic compound (e.g. methane, ethene or benzene), inorganic carbon-containing compounds (e.g. CO or SiC). In this review, recently developed preparation processes for CNTs, depending on the carbon source used, combined with the latest advances in modifications to conventional methods, such as arc discharge, laser ablation and chemical vapour deposition, are discussed and compared with each other to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods. Also, a novel idea for the CNT bottom-up synthesis, namely, the stepwise cycloaromatization route starting from small aromatic molecules, is briefly introduced. In conclusion, the advances in commercial scale-up production of CNTs and commercial sources for providing CNTs are briefly outlined.