常压干燥法制备炭气凝胶

炭气凝胶是一种具有交联状结构的新型纳米多孔材料，它是用溶胶－凝胶法和超临界干燥工艺制成的有机气凝胶（RF）经炭化得到的。它具有比表面积大和电导率高等特性，可用作超级电容器和可充电电池理想的电极材料。通过优化传统制备炭气凝胶的工艺，成功地在常压条件下制备出了高RC比（间苯二酚为催化剂的摩尔比）的RF气凝胶和炭气凝胶。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、比表面积测试与孔径分布（BET）等方面对其微结构进行了研究。结果表明，常压干燥法制备的炭气凝胶具有纳米网络结构和大比表面积。用常压干燥代替了超临界干燥，大大降低了制备成本，扩展了其应用前景。

CARBON AEROGELS DRIED AT AMBIENT CONDITIONS

Carbon aerogels derived from organic sol gel process and supercritical drying are novel porous materials with interconnect structure and high electrical conductivity, which are considered to be ideal electrode materials for supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries. The objective of this research was to synthesize carbon aerogels with high RC ratio (molar ratio of resorcinol to catalyst) at ambient conditions. The structure of the porous carbon aerogels was investigated by SEM and the measurement of pore size distribution. The special surface area was determined with BET techniques. It was found that the carbon aerogels prepared at ambient conditions have nanometer structure and large specific surface area. Drying at ambient conditions instead of supercritical drying can reduce the preparing cost and extend the applications.