静电纺丝法制备多孔纳米炭纤维及其电化学性能研究

分别以聚乙烯醇(PVA)/热固性酚醛树脂(PF)/碳酸钾(K2CO3)和PVA/PF的水溶液为纺丝原液,通过静电纺丝、固化和炭化处理制得多孔纳米炭纤维。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、低温氮气吸脱附等对所制多孔炭纳米纤维进行表征,并将所制多孔炭纤维作为模拟电容器电极材料,利用循环伏安和恒电流充放电进行了电化学性能测试。结果表明:纺丝原液中加入K2CO3后所制多孔纳米炭纤维的比表面积增大(从564 m.2g-1提高到668 m.2g-1),电化学性能提高(在电流密度为0.2 A.g-1的情况下,比电容由165 F.g-1提高到178 F.g-1)。

The electrochemical performance of porous carbon nanofibers produced by electrospinning

Porous carbon nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning of mixed solutions of polyvinylalcohol/phenol formaldehyde and polyvinylalcohol/phenol formaldehyde/potassium carbonate,followed by stabilization and carbonization.The microstructure of the samples was studied by SEM and N2 adsorption/desorption.The electrochemical performance of these porous carbon nanofibers as electrodes of electrical double layer capacitors was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge/discharge cycling.Results showed that the BET surface areas of as-prepared porous carbon nanofibers with and without potassium carbonate were 668 and 564 m2 · g-1,and their specific capacitances were 178 and 165 F · g-1 at a current density of 0.2 A · g-1,respectively.