Evaluation of Different Techniques of Active Thermography for Quantification of Artificial Defects in Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using Thermal and Phase Contrast Data Analysis |
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Authors: | Christiane Maierhofer Mathias Röllig Michael Gower Maria Lodeiro Graham Baker Christian Monte Albert Adibekyan Berndt Gutschwager Lenka Knazowicka Ales Blahut |
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Affiliation: | 1.Division 8.7 Thermographic Methods,Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM),Berlin,Germany;2.Materials Division,National Physical Laboratory (NPL),Teddington,UK;3.Division 7.3 Detector Radiometry and Radiation Thermometry,Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB),Berlin,Germany;4.Thermal Units Department – FM,Czech Metrological Institute (CMI),Prague 10,Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | For assuring the safety and reliability of components and constructions in energy applications made of fiber-reinforced polymers (e.g., blades of wind turbines and tidal power plants, engine chassis, flexible oil and gas pipelines) innovative non-destructive testing methods are required. Within the European project VITCEA complementary methods (shearography, microwave, ultrasonics and thermography) have been further developed and validated. Together with partners from the industry, test specimens have been constructed and selected on-site containing different artificial and natural defect artefacts. As base materials, carbon and glass fibers in different orientations and layering embedded in different matrix materials (epoxy, polyamide) have been considered. In this contribution, the validation of flash and lock-in thermography to these testing problems is presented. Data analysis is based on thermal contrasts and phase evaluation techniques. Experimental data are compared to analytical and numerical models. Among others, the influence of two different types of artificial defects (flat bottom holes and delaminations) with varying diameters and depths and of two different materials (CFRP and GFRP) with unidirectional and quasi-isotropic fiber alignment is discussed. |
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