铀铌合金结构及性能调控研究进展

铀铌合金作为一种重要的核工程材料,因其较高的密度、优异的耐蚀性能和良好的力学性能等特点,被广泛应用于核工业领域。铀铌合金受成分及热处理工艺影响显著,表现出复杂的相转变和组织结构特征,使得铀铌合金耐腐蚀性能及力学性能可在较大范围内获得调控。本文按照"成分/工艺-结构-性能"主线,综述了近年铀铌合金在结构、性能调控方面的研究进展,认为:低温时效机制和杂质控制技术仍是铀铌二元合金研究中需要重点关注的问题;高通量设计、制备及表征手段的出现,为未来铀铌多元合金结构及性能调控研究带来了新的机遇与挑战。

Research progress in control of structure and performance of uranium-niobium alloys

As an important type of nuclear engineering material, uranium-niobium alloys are widely used in the fields of nuclear industry owing to their high density, excellent corrosion resistance, and favorable mechanical properties. Affected by the composition and heat treatment process, uranium-niobium alloys possess complex phase transformation and microstructure characteristics, which results in significant variation in control of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. This paper reviews the research progress in the control of structure and performance of uranium-niobium alloys in recent years according to the classical relationship of composition/process-structure-performance. It is pointed out that low temperature aging mechanism and impurities controlling technology are still crucial issues in the research of binary uranium-niobium alloy, and the new opportunity and challenge for future research on the structure and performance of multiple uranium-niobium alloys are brought by the emergence of high-throughput design, preparation, and characterization methods.