|
|||||
|
|
ANTARES: The first undersea neutrino telescope |
|
| Affiliation: | a CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France b IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Edificios Investigación de Paterna, CSIC—Universitat de València, Apdo. de Correos 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain c GRPHE—Institut universitaire de technologie de Colmar, 34 rue du Grillenbreit BP 50568, 68008 Colmar, France d INFN—Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy e Technical University of Catalonia, Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Rambla Exposició, 08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona, Spain f INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy g Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany h Direction des Sciences de la Matière—Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers—Service d'Electronique des Détecteurs et d'Informatique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France i Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC)—Universitat Politècnica de València. C/Paranimf 1., 46730 Gandia, Spain j Nikhef, Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands k INFN—Sezione di Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy l APC—Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie, UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris 7 Diderot, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France m LAM—Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Pôle de l’Étoile Site de Château-Gombert, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 38, 13388 Marseille Cedex 13, France n Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy o INFN—Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy p Direction des Sciences de la Matière—Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers—Service de Physique des Particules, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France q INFN—Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy r Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università La Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy s INFN—Sezione di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy t Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France u Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy v Géoazur—Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS/INSU, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur et Université Pierre et Marie Curie, BP 48, 06235 Villefranche-sur-mer, France w IFREMER—Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France x INFN—Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy y COM—Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, CNRS/INSU et Université de la Méditerranée, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 901, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France z Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France aa Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI), University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands ab IFREMER—Centre de Toulon/La Seyne Sur Mer, Port Brégaillon, Chemin Jean-Marie Fritz, 83500 La Seyne sur Mer, France ac Direction des Sciences de la Matière—Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers—Service d'Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France ad IPHC-Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien—Université de Strasbourg et CNRS/IN2P3, 23 rue du Loess, BP 28, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France ae Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ 't Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands af Universiteit van Amsterdam, Instituut voor Hoge-Energiefysika, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands ag Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte Bamberg, Sternwartstrasse 7, 96049 Bamberg, Germany ah Universiteit Utrecht, Faculteit Betawetenschappen, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands ai Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Leninskie gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia aj Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia dell'Università, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy ak ITEP—Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, B. Cheremushkinskaya 25, 117218 Moscow, Russia al University of Wisconsin—Madison, 53715 WI, USA am Institute for Space Sciences, R-77125 Bucharest, M?gurele, Romania an Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy |
| Abstract: | The ANTARES Neutrino Telescope was completed in May 2008 and is the first operational Neutrino Telescope in the Mediterranean Sea. The main purpose of the detector is to perform neutrino astronomy and the apparatus also offers facilities for marine and Earth sciences. This paper describes the design, the construction and the installation of the telescope in the deep sea, offshore from Toulon in France. An illustration of the detector performance is given. |
| Keywords: | ADCP acoustic Doppler current profiler ARS analogue ring sampler AS acoustic storey AVC amplitude to voltage converter BSS bottom string socket CTD conductivity temperature depth sensor DAQ data acquisition DP dynamic positioning DSP digital signal processor DWDM dense wavelength division multiplexer EMC (vertical) electro mechanical cable GCN gamma-ray bursts coordinates network GUI graphical user interface HFLBL high frequency long base line ID inner diameter IL interlink IL07 instrumented line (deployed in the year 2007) JB junction box LCM local control module LDPE low density polyethylene LFLBL low frequency long base line LPB local power box LQS local quality supervisor MEOC main electro optical cable MLCM master local control module NWB non-water-blocking OD outer diameter OM optical module OMF optical module frame PBS product breakdown structure PETP polyethylene terephthalate PMT photo multiplier tube PU polyurethane QA/QC quality assurance/quality control ROV remote operated vehicle SC slow control SCM string control module SPE single photo electron SPM string power module SV sound velocimeter TS timestamp TVC time to voltage converter TTS transit time spread VNC virtual network computing WB water-blocking WDM wavelength division multiplexer WF waveform sampling |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ | |