考虑蜂窝纸板箱缓冲作用的产品包装系统跌落冲击研究*

在实际缓冲包装设计中,忽略了外包装箱的缓冲作用,因此很难得到合理的缓冲结构。为了研究外包装箱对缓冲包装系统的影响,首先基于压缩试验分别确立了制作外包装箱的蜂窝纸板与缓冲材料发泡聚乙烯的本构关系;其次建立了发泡聚乙烯与蜂窝纸板的串联力学模型,并介绍了求解算法;最后基于物品响应加速度小于许用值及材料用量最小化两个原则,设计了串联缓冲包装结构目标优化函数并介绍了优化函数的求解步骤,通过试验数据验证了模型的正确性。结果表明,如果不考虑蜂窝纸板箱的缓冲作用,会造成很大程度的保守包装,因此考虑外包装箱的缓冲作用能有效避免缓冲材料的过度使用。这些研究结果与方法为其他不同缓冲材料的串联提供了参考。

Study on drop impact of cushion packaging system considering the action of honeycomb paperboard box*

cushion property of outer packaging box is neglected in the cushion design of packaging system,so it is difficult to obtain reasonable structures to protect products from damage.To study the influence of cushion property of outer packaging box on the product packaging system,firstly,the static experiments were conducted to determine the static constitutive models for honeycomb paperboard of which outer packaging box is made and cushion material expanded polyethylene,and then the dynamic experiments were performed to obtain their dynamic constitutive relationship.Secondly,the impact compression model for expanded polyethylene in series with honeycomb paperboard was built,and relevant solving method was introduced.Finally,based on two requirements: 1.Response acceleration of the products should be smaller than the allowable value and 2.Material consumption of polyethylene should be minimized,the optimal objective function was proposed for expanded polyethylene in series with honeycomb paperboard and its solution steps were presented,then the calculation reliability was proved by the comparisons between calculated results and experimental data.The numerical examples we cited indicate that an over-conservative design is obtained when the contribution of the honeycomb paperboard material is not taken into account,that is,the inclusion of the effects of the shock absorbing characteristics for honeycomb paperboard in the design leads to significant savings in cushion material volume.The ideas in this paper can provide guidance for other serial packaging systems,and it is an effective way for avoiding overuse of cushion materials.