视觉客体辨别中的颜色优势效应

本文通过三个实验从刺激材料和加工策略两方面探讨颜色、形状和图案三种特征在客体辨别中的相对作用。结果发现:(1)在单特征和多特征客体的辨别过程中,对颜色变化的辨别比对形状和图案变化的辨别要快和准确;(2)在分散注意条件下,对客体颜色变化的辨别比对形状和图案变化的辨别要快和准确。本研究说明,在客体辨别的过程中存在颜色优势效应,且这种颜色优势效应是视觉客体加工中的自然结果,而非策略性加工所致。

The Dominance of Color during Identification of Visual Objects

To test the relative roles of color, shape and pattern in object identification, three experiments con- cerned about materials and processing strategies were adopted. The results showed that, the reaction time of detecting change for color was the shortest in experiment 1 and 2, and, the accuracy for color was also the highest in experi- ment 2, relative to shape and pattern. In addition, this dominance of color during object identification was resistant to attention distraction. The present research suggests that the dominance of color exists during visual object identifica- tion, and it is the result of natural processing rather than the strategy of. processing.