硅烷偶联剂表面处理对LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2结构和性能的影响

用硅烷偶联剂加热分解的简便方法对锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂(NCA)的表面进行处理, 利用XRD结合Rietveld精修、SEM、TEM、DSC、EIS和恒流充放电等方法对材料进行表征。结果显示, 硅烷偶联剂经450℃加热分解后得到的非晶态SiO₂均匀包覆在材料表面, 包覆不改变 NCA的晶体结构, 但明显改善了材料性能。在60℃环境中, 0.2C、1C下包覆材料(简写为a-NCA)的放电比容量分别为176.4、158.9 mAh·g^-1, 高于NCA的174.2、153.8 mAh·g^-1; 50周循环后a-NCA的容量保持率为91.4 %, 远高于NCA的86.5 %; 同时, 经包覆后材料的热稳定性大幅度提高。其原因是包覆层抑制了NCA在循环过程中与电解液发生副反应, 有效降低了离子迁移的界面膜电阻, 并抑制了晶体结构变化。

Surface Treatment on Structure and Property of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 by Silane Coupling Agent

Silane coupling agent was used to treat surface of cathode material LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA) for lithium ion battery by a simple thermal decomposition method. Structures and properties of the materials were characterized by XRD combined with Rietveld refinement, SEM, TEM, DSC, EIS and galvanostatic charge/discharge test. The results show that amorphous SiO₂ obtained by decomposition of silane coupling agent is uniformly coated on the surface of NCA whose crystal structure remain unaffected while its comprehensive properties are significantly improved especially at high temperature. In the environment of 60℃ at 0.2C and 1C rate , the discharge capacities of the coated NCA (a-NCA) are 176.4 mAh·g^-1 and 158.9 mAh·g^-1 respectively, whereas counterparts of the pristine NCA are slightly lower and reduced to 174.2 mAh·g^-1 and 153.8 mAh·g^-1, respectively. The capacity retention of a-NCA is 91.4% while that of NCA is 86.5% after 50 charge/discharge cycles. Moreover, thermal stability of a-NCA is greatly improved compared with the uncoated material under test condition of 60℃ in that the coating inhibits the side reaction between NCA surface and electrolyte which successfully restrains the surface film resistance and restricts variation of the crystal structure of material in process of cycling.