纳米孔玻态炭的成孔机理与“壳芯”结构

研制的纳米孔玻态炭电极,整体呈纳米开孔结构,电容特性优良,全面超过了中孔碳气凝胶．其成孔机理研究表明：通过添加适量的固化剂-六次甲基四胺,经球磨固混后,调节固化温度,造成固化树脂颗粒内芯与外壳的交联度不同,形成“壳芯”结构;粉碎压制时,内芯作为外壳的粘合剂使材料成型,炭化时壳层不融化而阻挡内芯熔并成玻态炭．于是,碳粒内外形成丰富的开放孔隙,活化剂气体能够扩散渗入体相进行活化而得纳米孔玻态炭．

Pore Formation Mechanism of Nanoporous Glassy Carbon and "Shell-core " Structure

As the first-selected electrode material for supercapacitors, activated carbon should possess high specific surface area, high conductivity and density which are difficult to be provided by the same kind of carbon material. A nanoporous glassy carbon (NPGC)electrode slice with monolithic nano-open porous structure and excellent capacitance properties was made. The properties of NPGCs completely exceeded that of carbon aerogels, and pore-forming mechanism of NPGCs was investigated. Results show that a " shell and core " structure is formed in cured resin particles due to different cross-linkage degrees in inside and outside layers of cured resins by adding an amount of curing agent-hexamine, mill-mixing and adjusting the curing temperature. When crushed and compacted, cured resin can be compacted into a slice due to the adhesive effect of " core " and " core " is prevented from fusion to become GC due to non-fusion of " shell " in carbonization. Then, an abundant of open pores is formed inside and outside carbon particles through which activation agent gases can diffuse into the internal parts of the matrix and the nanoporous glassy carbon is obtained.