减小爆炸焊接边界效应影响研究

边界效应是爆炸焊接普遍存在的问题,如何消除边界效应是提高爆炸焊接复合质量的关键。本文提出了减小边界不焊区的两种方法:①等面积爆炸复合时,采取加大布药宽度和在焊接窗口内适当加大质量比R的办法,将稀疏波作用范围引出复合面积之外,减少炸药边界稀疏波对飞板飞行速度的影响;②不等面积爆炸复合时,采取把飞板边界刨去一部分或开应力槽的方法,减少复合板周边打伤打裂现象。通过大量爆炸焊接试验的检验结果来看,复合板周边的焊合情况非常令人满意。与工程经验的方法相比,不但装药量可节省10%左右,降低生产成本,而且还可降低基、复板之间的碰撞速度,对减小复合板的整体变形和对解决爆炸焊接中的开裂问题十分有利,从很大程度上优化了焊接工艺。

RESEARCH ON REDUCTION OF INFLUENCES ACTED BY BORDER EFFECT IN EXPLOSIVE WELDING

Border effect is a common problem existing in explosive welding,how to eliminate the effect becomes one of the key technologies of improving the welding quality.In this paper,two methods are put forward to reduce non-welding border area.One is to adopt the way of increasing charge width and mass ratio R properly in the window of explosive welding in the case of same area,so the influence of sparse wave is drawn outside the composite area,and hence reducing the its influence on the flying speed of flyer plate from the border charge sparse wave.The other is to adopt the method of digging a slice or cutting a stress groove at the flyer plate in the case of varied area to reduce the injures and cracks at the border.A lot of experiments are conducted with the two methods,showing that the welding condition around the composite plate is very satisfied.This research not only saves 10% of charge,but also decreases the conflicting velocity between the base border and the flyer plate,so it is very useful to reduce the integer distortion of composite plate and to solve the fracture problem in explosive welding.This research optimizes the welding technology to a great extent.