Nano-graphene oxide for cellular imaging and drug delivery |
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Authors: | Xiaoming Sun Zhuang Liu Kevin Welsher Joshua Tucker Robinson Andrew Goodwin Sasa Zaric Hongjie Dai |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA |
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Abstract: | Two-dimensional graphene offers interesting electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties that are currently being explored
for advanced electronics, membranes, and composites. Here we synthesize and explore the biological applications of nano-graphene
oxide (NGO), i.e., single-layer graphene oxide sheets down to a few nanometers in lateral width. We develop functionalization
chemistry in order to impart solubility and compatibility of NGO in biological environments. We obtain size separated pegylated
NGO sheets that are soluble in buffers and serum without agglomeration. The NGO sheets are found to be photoluminescent in
the visible and infrared regions. The intrinsic photoluminescence (PL) of NGO is used for live cell imaging in the near-infrared
(NIR) with little background. We found that simple physisorption via π-stacking can be used for loading doxorubicin, a widely
used cancer drug onto NGO functionalized with antibody for selective killing of cancer cells in vitro. Owing to its small
size, intrinsic optical properties, large specific surface area, low cost, and useful non-covalent interactions with aromatic
drug molecules, NGO is a promising new material for biological and medical applications.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users.
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com |
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Keywords: | Graphene oxide pegylation size separation cellular imaging drug delivery |
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