A survey of checkpointing algorithms for parallel and distributed computers |
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Authors: | S Kalaiselvi V Rajaraman |
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Affiliation: | (1) Supercomputer Education and Research Centre (SERC), Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bangalore, India;(2) Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Indian Institute of Science Campus, 560012 Bangalore, India |
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Abstract: | Checkpoint is defined as a designated place in a program at which normal processing is interrupted specifically to preserve the status
information necessary to allow resumption of processing at a later time.Checkpointing is the process of saving the status information. This paper surveys the algorithms which have been reported in the literature
for checkpointing parallel/distributed systems. It has been observed that most of the algorithms published for checkpointing
in message passing systems are based on the seminal article by Chandy and Lamport. A large number of articles have been published
in this area by relaxing the assumptions made in this paper and by extending it to minimise the overheads of coordination
and context saving. Checkpointing for shared memory systems primarily extend cache coherence protocols to maintain a consistent
memory. All of them assume that the main memory is safe for storing the context. Recently algorithms have been published for
distributed shared memory systems, which extend the cache coherence protocols used in shared memory systems. They however
also include methods for storing the status of distributed memory in stable storage. Most of the algorithms assume that there
is no knowledge about the programs being executed. It is however felt that in development of parallel programs the user has
to do a fair amount of work in distributing tasks and this information can be effectively used to simplify checkpointing and
rollback recovery. |
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Keywords: | Checkpointing algorithms parallel & distributed computing shared memory systems rollback recovery fault-tolerant systems |
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