Effect of jute and kapok fibers on properties of thermoplastic cassava starch composites |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;4. Department of Structure and Material, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia;5. Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia;1. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia;1. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;2. Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China |
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| Abstract: | Since mechanical properties and water uptake of biodegradable thermoplastic cassava starch (TPCS) was still the main disadvantages for many applications. The TPCS matrix was, therefore, reinforced by two types of cellulosic fibers, i.e. jute or kapok fibers; classified as the low and high oil absorbency characteristics, respectively. The TPCS, plasticized by glycerol, was compounded by internal mixer and shaped by compression molding machine. It was found that water absorption of the TPCS/jute fiber and TPCS/kapok fiber composites was clearly reduced by the addition of the cellulosic fibers. Moreover, stress at maximum load and Young’s modulus of the composites increased significantly by the incorporation of both jute and kapok fibers. Thermal degradation temperature, determined from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), of the TPCS matrix increased by the addition of jute fibers; however, thermal degradation temperature decreased by the addition of kapok fibers. Functional group analysis and morphology of the TPCS/jute fiber and TPCS/kapok fiber composites were also examined using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. |
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