季铵盐接枝聚膦腈微球的制备及抗菌活性

细菌感染引起的疾病问题在世界范围内引起广泛的关注。抗生素虽然能有效治疗细菌感染，但是不合理的使用及滥用会导致细菌产生耐药性。因此，解决细菌耐药性问题并研发出安全高效的非抗生素抗菌剂显得尤为迫切。通过在生物可降解型环交联型聚(环三膦腈-共-聚乙烯亚胺)微球(PHP)表面上接枝环氧丙基十二烷基二甲基氯化铵(DDEAC)，成功制备了环交联型聚(环三膦腈-共-聚乙烯亚胺)接枝季铵盐微球(PHPD)。采用FTIR、XPS、TG、TEM和FESEM对微球的结构与形貌进行了表征分析，并研究了其抗菌活性和细胞毒性。实验结果表明，改性抗菌微球PHPD(50 μg/mL)对大肠杆菌(E.coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)的抗菌率均达97.3%。复合材料克服了单独使用季铵盐DDEAC材料的高毒性缺陷，并且在实现高效抗菌的同时也具有很好的细胞相容性。因此，本研究对于开发安全高效的纳米抗菌剂具有一定的指导意义。 

Antibacterial activity and preparation of quaternary ammonium grafted polyphosphazene microspheres

Disease problems caused by bacterial infections have resulted in widespread concern worldwide. Although antibiotics can effectively treat bacterial infections, unreasonable use and abuse can cause bacteria to develop drug resistance. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to solve the problem of bacterial drug resistance and develop safe and efficient non-antibiotic antibacterial agents. We grafted epoxypropyl dodecyl dimethyl Ammonium chloride (DDEAC) the surface of biodegradable cyclic cross-linked poly (cyclotriphosphazene-co-polyethyleneimine) microspheres (PHP), and successfully prepared ring-crosslinked poly (cyclotriphosphazene-co-polyethyleneimine) grafted quaternary ammonium salt microspheres (PHPD). In addition, using FTIR, XPS, TG, TEM and FESEM to characterize and analyze the structure and morphology of the microspheres, and studying its antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. The experimental results show that the modified antibacterial microsphere PHPD (50 μg/mL) has an antibacterial rate of 97.3% against E.coli and S.aureus. The material overcomes the high toxicity defect of using the quaternary ammonium salt DDEAC material alone, and achieves high-efficiency antibacterial while also has good cell compatibility. Therefore, this research has certain guiding significance for the development of safe and efficient nano-antibacterial agents.