几种普通元件构成隔冲器参数的优化设计

理想隔冲状况是在冲击过程中冲击力为恒定值，达到最大吸能效果，基于这一原理对瞬态冲击下几种普通隔冲元件构成隔冲器参数进行优化设计，得出库仑阻尼一线性弹簧、粘性阻尼一线性弹簧、流体阻尼一线性弹簧组合隔冲器的最优解，并进行实例数值仿真。结果表明库仑阻尼在冲击过程中使设备受到的冲击力为恒定值，因无法归位，不适于多次冲击，而流体阻尼一线性弹簧组合也可以满足在整个冲击过程受到的冲击力为恒定值，粘性阻尼一线性弹簧组合隔冲器基本可以使冲击过程冲击力为恒定值，但是振动衰减较快，也是一种较好的设计。

PARAMETERS OPTIMIZATION OF SHOCK ISOLATOR COMPOSED OF ORDINARY COMPONENTS

The ideal shock isolation object is to achieve a constant shock force during the process of deformation to absorb shock energy most efficiently. Based on that theory the parameters optimization of isolator under instantaneous impulse shock which is made up of several types of ordinary components is studied. Simulations are carried out to show the procedure of parameters optimization. Results show that the isolator made up of a single Coulomb damper does perfectly in shock isolation because it holds a flat resist force with respect to deflection. But it can not resist repeated impacts for its irreversible positioning. The velocity squared damping-linear spring isolator can also maintain a constant foree with respect to deformation. The viscous damping-linear spring isolator can approximately maintain a constant force however the shock response attenuates very quickly so it is also very suitable for shock protection.