风荷载测试与模拟技术的回顾及展望

对大跨度桥梁、大跨空间结构、高层建筑、高耸塔桅结构等建筑物和构筑物而言，风荷载是结构抗风设计、防灾减灾分析的控制荷载之一。风与上述结构间的相互作用十分复杂，可通过风洞试验、现场实测、数值模拟等方法获取详细可靠的风荷载数据。本文简要介绍了大气边界层风特性与风荷载作用特点，回顾了结构风工程中风洞试验与现场实测的基本情况，讨论了风荷载时程的各种数值模拟技术，展望了风荷载测试与模拟技术研究的趋向。

REVIEW AND PROSPECT ON MEASUREMENT AND SIMULATION TECHNIQUES OF WIND LOAD

Wind load is one of the dominating loads which must be considered in the design of structural wind-resistance as well as the analysis of disaster reduction and prevention for structures such as long-span bridges,large-span spatial structures,high-rise builsings,towers and guyed masts.The interaction between such structures and wind at the boundaries may be very complex.Particular and reliable data of wind loads can be obtained by means of wind tunnel tests,field measurements and numerical simulations.This paper aims to introduce the wind proprieties and wind effects in the Atmospheric Boundaty Layer,to review the general situation of wind tunnel tests as well as field measurements in structural wind engineering,to discuss the numerical techniques for the simulation of wind loading time series and to prospect the trends of future research in this field.