噪声敏感建筑隔声与声舒适性要求

住宅声学性能将在心理、生理和社会上影响住户，声学舒适性是高要求敏感建筑设计和施工中的重要考虑因素。文章对比分析了中国和欧美等国家隔声指标和要求的差异，发现国内住宅空气声隔声指标比国外的指标要求低4～10 dB；楼板撞击声压级比国外的要求高3～25 dB，最大偏差达到-25 dB。考虑到城市化进程的不断推进，城镇居住密度和容积率的不断增大，以及多高层居住建筑的大量应用，以预期满意度50%～67%为目标，建议住宅声学设计标准在现有的标准和规范基础上提高5 dB左右，以期改善住宅的声学品质和住户的声学满意度，而后期开展相应的声学社会调查，改善居住声学环境是十分必要的。

Requirements for sound insulation and sound comfort of noise-sensitive buildings

The acoustic performance of residential buildings affects their occupants psychologically, physiologically and socially. Acoustic comfort is an important consideration in the design and construction of highly demanding sensitive buildings. By comparing and analyzing the differences of sound insulation indexes and requirements between China, Europe, the United States and other countries, it is found that the domestic residential air sound insulation indicators are 4 to 10 dB lower than the minimum foreign requirements; the floor impact sound pressure level is 3 to 25 dB higher than the minimum foreign requirements, and the maximum deviation reaches -25 dB. Considering the continuous advancement of urbanization, the continuous increase of urban residential density and floor area ratio, and the large number of applications of multi-storey and high-rise residential buildings, with the expected satisfaction of 50%-67%, it is recommended that the residential acoustic design standard should be increased by about 5 dB based on the existing standards and specifications in order to improve the acoustic quality of residential buildings and the acoustic satisfaction of residents in the later stage, it is very necessary to carry out corresponding acoustic social investigation and improve the residential acoustic environment.