基于协方差矩阵加权的任意阵列宽带恒定束宽波束形成方法

提出了基于协方差矩阵加权方法的恒定束宽波束形成方法，它适用于任意几何形状和阵元方向性的传感器阵列。设计方法为：首先将设计频带分成若干子带，采用优化方法，通过对各子带波束施加约束，设计出具有设定波束形状的各子带波束。然后，对各子带波束进行能量综合，完成宽带信号处理。该方法解决了协方差矩阵加权波束形成方法在宽带系统中会出现的频谱畸变问题．提高了其宽带信号处理性能，为此类的宽带系统设计提供了理论支持。通过计算机仿真和湖试实验数据验证了方法的正确性。

Broadband constant beamwidth beamforming based on covariance matrix weighting method

A new approach to broadband constant beamwidth beamforming based on Covariance matrix weighting beamforming （CMW） is proposed. Firstly, the working frequency band is divided into a number of narrowband frequency bins, and the covariance weighting matrixes for each frequency bin are deduced using beampattern optimization method. With the covariance matrixes, beams of deferent frequencies are same as the reference beam. Subsequently, broadband signals processing is accomplished through synthesizing each frequency bin. This approach solves the problem of distorted signal spectra, improves the performance of the second order statistical methods in broadband system. Computer simulation and lake trials prove the correctness of the proposed method.