任意四元非平面阵的定向性能分析

定向精度是被动声纳系统重要技术指标,合理的阵结构可以提高其定向性能。建立空间任意四元阵模型,利用矩阵变换推导出定向的最小二乘解并从理论上给出方位角估计的误差公式,求得方位角估计方差的均值最小和不受方位角影响应满足的条件。借助计算机仿真给出俯仰角的估计误差的定性分析。最后得到空间四元阵在满足一定的空间结构时具有最佳的定向性能,为四元阵设计提供了参考依据。

Directional performance of four,elements arbitrary array

Precision of bearing estimation is important in sonar systems, and appropriate configuration of the array can improve directional performance. This paper presents a model of four element arbitrary array and derives a least square solution based on a matrix transform. A formula of azimuth error estimation is given in theory, and the conditions that the mean variance of azimuth estimation is minimum and independent of the azimuth are obtained. By computer simulation, a qualitative analysis of the errors in estimating the elevation angle is presented. It is concluded that the array has optimal directional performance when certain configuration is realized, providing reference to the design of arrays.