城市公园植物景观配置的声景效应研究

植物景观是城市公园设计的重要内容，是游客游览体验的重要媒介。通过对福州市 5个城市公园的实地调研和公众问卷调查，探究不同植物配置模式下游客声景感知的差异特征及其影响因素。结果表明：不同植物配置模式下，对音乐声、广播声和交通声的优势度与和谐度感知存在显著差异，其中镶嵌式和疏林式两种配置模式之间的差异最为明显。阶梯式和镶嵌式植物配置模式下，总体声景感知的愉悦度和丰富度评价较高，而疏林式最低，且受声源感知影响最为明显。音乐声感知特征、植物景观色彩度与植物群落围合度对总体声景感知影响最为显著。研究结果从植物景观配置角度为提升城市公园声景品质提供了理论参考。

Soundscape effect of plant landscape arrangement in urban parks

Plant landscape is an important part of urban park design, and plays an important role in the visit experience of tourists. In this study, through field survey and public investigation in 5 urban parks in Fuzhou, the soundscape perception characteristics of visitors and the influential factors of different patterns of plant arrangement are explored. The results show that, significant differences exist in the perceptions of dominant degree and harmonious degree of music, broadcasting sound and traffic sound for different patterns of plant arrangement; the difference between mosaic and sparse patterns is most obvious; the stepped and mosaic patterns show higher perceptions of soundscape pleasantness degree and eventfulness degree, and the sparse pattern shows the lowest, furthermore, it is affected by sound source perception most significantly. Among the factors affecting overall soundscape perception, the music perception, colorfulness degree of plant landscape and enclosure degree of plant community play an important role. The research results provide a theoretical reference for plant landscape arrangement to improve soundscape quality in urban parks.