一种空间匹配的高速飞行目标轨迹估计方法

针对低空高速飞行目标轨迹估计问题，提出了一种利用多阵列进行空间匹配的轨迹估计方法。该方法首先对探测范围内的空间点进行划分，计算其相对于阵列参考坐标的真实方位角与俯仰角并建立字典进行存储。将传感器阵列接收到的信号进行分帧处理，对每一帧数据计算波达方位。理论上，在探测范围内，高速运动目标为直线运动。在理想情况下，对于单个阵列，每一帧数据得到的方向矢量与参考坐标所构成的直线均处于同一平面。对每一帧数据估计得到的波达方位在字典上进行匹配，找到误差最小的N个空间点，进行直线拟合。再对由两帧以上数据得到的直线进行空间平面拟合，得到估计平面。两个阵列所得的估计平面的相交直线即为高速飞行目标的估计轨迹。仿真结果验证了高速飞行目标的轨迹估计算法的有效性。

A spatial matching estimation method for high-speed flying target trajectory

For the estimation of low-altitude high-speed flying target trajectory, a method of multi-array space matching is proposed. In this method, the space points within the detection range are first divided, and then the true azimuth and elevation angles relative to the array reference coordinates are calculated to build a dictionary for storage. The signal received by the sensor array is processed in frames, and the direction of arrival is calculated for each frame of data. Theoretically, within the detection range, the high-speed flying target moves in a straight line. In the ideal condition, the direction vector of a single array obtained from each frame of data and the straight line formed by the reference coordinates are in the same plane. By matching the direction of arrival estimated by each frame of data in the dictionary, the N space points with the smallest error are found to fit a straight line. Then, the spatial plane is fitted by the straight lines obtained from more than two frames of data to obtain the estimated plane. The intersection line of the estimated planes obtained by the two arrays is namely the estimated high-speed flying target trajectory. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm for the trajectory estimation of high-speed flying targets.