不同增压速率所引起的耳气压伤特征

文章应用形态学检查、听觉诱发电位测定及铺片技术和扫描电镜观察，研究了不同的增压速率引起的豚鼠听觉损伤特征。研究表明，较低的增压速率主要引起鼓室和圆窗的病变以及内耳外毛细胞的损伤，部分动物出现前庭功能障碍；较高的增压速率主要引起鼓膜破裂，而鼓室、圆窗及内耳的损伤均较轻。根据实验结果对不同的损伤机制进行了讨论。研究认为，尽管增压速率低，不致产生鼓膜破裂，但也会引起较重的听觉损伤。

Characteristics of aural barotrauma caused by different compression rate

Characteristics of hearing damage to guinea pigs caused by different compression rates were studied using morphological examination, measurement of auditory evoked potential, surface preparation technique and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that, at a lower compression rate pathological changes in tympanic cavity (TC) and round window (RW), damage to outer hair cell (OHC) of inner ear occurrs more frequently, along with vestibular dysfunction in some of the tested animals. At a higher compression rate, however, rupture of tympanic membrane (TM) is particularly liable to happen, with slight damage to TC, RW and OHC. Based on these results different mechanisms responsible for the damage are discussed. This study shows that severe hearing damage can occur at lower compression rates, although no rupture of TM is found.