矢量水听器工程局限性剖析

重点研究了矢量水听器在工程应用方面的特点和局限性。首先给出了矢量水听器及其阵列的数学模型和它的性能特点;接着对矢量水听器和传统声压水听器在浮标/潜标平台、拖曳式平台以及水下航行器平台等应用情况下的性能进行了比较分析。结果表明,在浮标/潜标平台上,使用矢量水听器有利于低频时的目标探测,可以显著降低阵列孔径;而在拖曳阵及航行器等移动平台上,由于受流噪声、运动平台辐射噪声等因素的影响,矢量水听器的性能优势不易发挥。

Limitations of acoustic vector sensor in engineering application

The features and limitations of the acoustic vector sensor（AVS） in practical application are discussed.The measurement model of acoustic vector sensor is introduced,and then its performance is further analyzed.The detection capability and array gain of the AVS array are compared with those of the pressure sensor array when they work in the buoy-submerged buoy system,the towed array sonar system and autonomous underwater vehicles.The results show that the AVS suits to detect targets of low frequency owing to the isotropic ambient noise being suppressed by the unit vector sensor’s directivity,which decreases the array aperture.Due to the influence of flow noise and radiation noise of underwater vehicles,the superiority of AVS performance is limited when it works in towed array and autonomous underwater vehicles.