固态电池中的正极/电解质界面性质研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

锂离子电池是便携式电子产品、电动汽车和智能电网的理想电源。目前使用有机液体电解质的锂离子电池仍然存在安全问题和寿命不足的问题,而使用不燃的固态电解质的固态电池有望解决这些问题。从原理上讲,不燃的固体电解质可以从根本上防止电池的燃烧和爆炸,并且只允许锂离子在固体电解质中传输,可以减少副反应的发生。近年来,随着几种高离子电导率的固态电解质的出现,锂离子在固态电解质中的传输不再是瓶颈。然而,固态电池中各种固态成分具有不同的化学/物理/力学性能,因此在固态电池中存在多种类型的界面,包括松散的物理接触、晶界、化学和电化学反应界面等,这些都可能增加界面离子传输阻力。而正极材料与电解质之间的界面反应尤其复杂,深入理解这些复杂的正极侧界面及其反应特点是实现实用高比能固态电池的必要条件。因此,本文主要回顾了近年来在探索和理解正极/电解质界面上的工作,总结了固态电池中典型的正极侧界面类型及其各自独特的反应特征。

Research progress of cathode/electrolyte interface in solid-state batteries

Lithium-ion battery is an ideal power source for portable electronic products, electric vehicles and smart grid. At present, there are still some problems, such as safety and short service life, in lithium-ion batteries using organic liquid electrolyte, however, solid-state batteries (SSB) with non-combustible solid-state electrolyte (SSE) are expected to solve these problems. In principle, nonflammable solid electrolyte can fundamentally prevent the battery from combustion and explosion and only allow lithium ions to flow in the solid electrolyte, which can reduce the occurrence of side reactions. In recent years, with the emergence of several solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, the transport of lithium ion in solid electrolytes is no longer a bottleneck. However, the various components in solid-state batteries have different chemical, physical and mechanical properties, as a result, there are many types of interfaces in solid-state batteries, including loose physical contact, grain boundary, chemical and electrochemical reaction interfaces, which may impede the ion transport at the interface. The interface reaction between the cathode and electrolyte is especially complex. It is necessary to understand these complex interfaces and the reaction characteristics. Therefore, the work of exploring and understanding the cathode/electrolyte interface in recent years was reviewed in this paper, and the typical cathode side interface and their unique reaction characteristics in solid-state batteries were summarized.